Abstract Detail

Symbioses: Plant, Animal, and Microbe Interactions

Wei, Jing [1], Powell, Adrian [2], Sherman-Broyles, Sue [3], Jander, Georg [1], Doyle, Jeff [3].

Biotic interactions and allopolyploidy in perennial soybean relatives (Glycine subgenus Glycine).

Polyploidy is known to affect many if not all aspects of plant biology, and polyploids are often more invasive than diploids. Members of the extensive allopolyploid complex in perennial relatives of soybean (Glycine subgenus Glycine) have colonized territory beyond the largely Australian range of their diploid progenitors. These allopolyploids show numerous, often transgressive genetic and physiological differences relative to their progenitors. We are studying several different biotic interactions in these polyploids, including fungal pathogenesis, bacterial mutualism, and insect herbivory. Both diploid and tetraploid accessions of several different perennial Glycine species show resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (white mold), an important pathogen of soybean (G. max). The allopolyploid, G. dolichocarpa, forms effective nodules with a wider range of rhizobial genotypes than do either of its diploid progenitors. The tetraploid shows a more robust response at the level of root hair deformation, shows a distinctive root flavonoid exudate profile, and up-regulates several key genes involved in early stages of rhizobial signaling. The two diploid progenitors of allotetraploid G. dolichocarpa show differential herbivore susceptibility. Whereas G. tomentella is resistant to soybean aphids (Aphis glycines) and susceptible to pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) and soybean loopers (Chrysodeixis includens), G. syndetika is resistant to pea aphids and soybean loopers but susceptible to soybean aphids. In contrast, the allotetraploid is resistant to all three tested insect species. Non-targeted metabolite profiling by HPLC-MS shows dynamic, species-specific changes in the leaf metabolome during aphid infestation. For each aphid species, the overall metabolic responses of the two aphid-resistant soybean species are more similar to one another than to the aphid-sensitive soybeans.

1 - Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1801, USA
2 - Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, 412 Mann Library Building, Ithaca, NY, 14853-4301, USA
3 - Cornell University, Section of Plant Breeding & Genetics, School of Integrative Plant Science, 240 Emerson Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853-4301, USA

Keywords:
polyploidy
mutualism
Herbivory
fungal parasitism
nodulation.

Presentation Type: Oral Paper
Session: 35, Symbioses: Plant, Animal, and Microbe Interactions
Location: 202/Savannah International Trade and Convention Center
Date: Wednesday, August 3rd, 2016
Time: 8:15 AM
Number: 35002
Abstract ID:200
Candidate for Awards:None