Abstract Detail

Systematics

Wang, Ruihong [1], Chen, Chuan [2], Koch, Marcus [3], Li, Pan [4], Fu, Chengxin [1].

Phylogeny and biogeography of Scrophulaira (Scrophulariaceae) ^#.

Scrophularia L., the type genus of Scrophulariaceae, comprises about 200 species commonly known as figworts. It is found throughout the Northern Hemisphere, but concentrated in Asia and Europe with only a few species in North America. The genus attracts some researchers’ interests on pollination biology, reticulate evolution and local adaptation. However, none of these studies have a comprehensive sampling or try to address the evolutionary history of the genus. In this paper, we used nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) and plastid trnL-trnF, trnQ-rps16, psbA-trnH and trnG-trnS intron to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of Scrophularia, with a sampling of over 140 taxa covering the whole distribution area. The molecular phylogenetic framework showed that the genus Scrophularia was divided into five lineages: 1) S. umbrosa herb clade (only one species, widely distributed in Eurasia), 2) Mediterranean herb clade of sect. Scrophularia, 3) Central Asia subshrub clade of sect.Caninae, 4) New World herb clade of sect. Scrophularia, and 5) East Asia herb clade of sect. Scrophularia. Based on the analysis of divergence time estimation and ancestral area reconstruction, the biogeographic history (the origin, migration and dispersal routes) of Scrophularia was inferred. It is suggested that the genus was originated in middle Miocene (18.9Ma) at the area around today’s Mediterranean. With the subsequent climatic change of the Mediterranean, the ancestor of the genus began to diversify and disperse at about 13Ma, one clade migrated to the North America across the Atlantic land bridge and the other to East Asia via central Asia during the late Miocene. The divergence events within the New World lineage and East Asia lineage were assumed to be during 9.38-9.64Ma. Our result also revealed these species of sect. Caninae was monophyletic and sister to the Mediterranean herb clade of sect. Scrophularia. It is suggested the sect. Caninae originated from the Mediterranean at about 8.81Ma, and then divergent at around 7Ma, with the uplift of Himalaya and formation of central Asia Pamir Plateau and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Though there are only 4-5 species, the Japanese Scrophularia were found to have two origins, some from North America and the others from Asia continent.
# Supported by NSFC project (No. 31070205)

1 - Zhejiang University, Lab of Syst. & Evol. Botany And Biodiversity,, College of Life Science, No.866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
2 - Hangzhou Botanical Garden, Taoyuanling, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China
3 - Heidelberg University, Department of Biodiversity and Plant Systematics, Heidelberg, Germany
4 - Zhejiang University, Lab of Syst. & Evol. Botany And Biodiversity,, No.866 Yuhangtang Rd., No.866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China

Keywords:
Scrophularia
phylogeny
Mediterranean
sect.Caninae.

Presentation Type: Poster
Session: P, Systematics Section/ASPT Posters
Location: Exhibit Hall/Savannah International Trade and Convention Center
Date: Monday, August 1st, 2016
Time: 5:30 PM This poster will be presented at 6:15 pm. The Poster Session runs from 5:30 pm to 7:00 pm. Posters with odd poster numbers are presented at 5:30 pm, and posters with even poster numbers are presented at 6:15 pm.
Number: PSY044
Abstract ID:471
Candidate for Awards:None