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Abstract Detail



The Future of Herbarium Genetics and Genomics

Schneider, Adam [1], Baldwin, Bruce G. [1].

Host-switching as a major driver of diversification in parasitic plants: A case study in Orobanche.

Parasitism is a highly successful life strategy that has independently evolved countless times across the tree of life, including twelve times among angiosperms. The parasitic plant genus Orobanche L. is quickly becoming a focal group understanding the evolutionary consequences of parasitism across numerous taxonomic scales and levels of biological organization. A recent phylogenetic study of the clade of all species endemic to the western hemisphere, based in large part on herbarium collections, shows extensive, hitherto unrecognized host-specific diversity. Well-supported, cryptic or semi-cryptic clades within minimum-rank taxa, especially in sect. Gymnocaulis, are diagnosable by distinct host assemblages that implicate host switching in divergence of parasitic lineages. These robust but taxonomically unrecognized clades are reinforced by multiple gene trees based on nuclear and chloroplast DNA. Moreover, this phylogeny lends support to several well-known phytogeographic patterns such as multiple amphitropical colonizations of South America and post-glacial Alaska/eastern North America disjunctions. Finally, this study provides a fine-scale phylogenetic framework for a genome-skimming project currently underway to understand plastid evolution at fine scales.


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1 - University of California, Berkeley, Jepson Herbarium and Department of Integrative Biology, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

Keywords:
Orobanchaceae
parasitism
phylogenetics
phylogenomics
cryptic species
new species
herbarium
genome skimming.

Presentation Type: Symposium Presentation
Session: SY04, The Future of Herbarium Genetics and Genomics
Location: Chatham Ballroom - B/Savannah International Trade and Convention Center
Date: Monday, August 1st, 2016
Time: 4:15 PM
Number: SY04007
Abstract ID:590
Candidate for Awards:None


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